Katupila is a small desert climatic plant. It is known in various names in English such as purple Tephrisia, Bushweed, Cool Pot, Spinous Fluggeaetc. sometimes, it can be seen two to five meters in height. It has spines two to three centimeters long with very sharp. It is grown in Sri Lanka with other shrubs in gardens. This ayurvedic value plant leaves are used by people to make kanda (congee) for cancer patients.Rural folk use paste form made by using leaves of katupila to cure long lasting and non-healing wounds. They also believe that leaves of Katupila can extract a part of thorn that gone trough the skin into the body muscles without surgery. 

Undupiyaliya is a creeping tiny plant grows on the ground with sunlight. It is named in English as Creeping Tick Trefoil. this is a perennial broadleaf weed with large a woody taproot. They spread with branched stems to 50 cm and rooting at the nodes to make as a mat. The very small leaves are shown about 12 mm long and 100mm in wide. Colors of flowers vary pink to purple with a cluster of one to three. They bloom up in leaf axils. Some of urban dwellers grow undupiyaliya their courtyard. They believe that walking on the undupiyaliaya plant will assist to healthiness of eyes. Also, a creeping mat of undupiyaliaya provides picturesque ground cover for the courtyard. According to ayurvedic treatment, undupiyaliya leaves are used to wash eyes for some eye problems and added to ayurvedic medicine for treatments through head.

Kiri Ala (Taro roots) trees can be seen in wet zone predominately. It is a nutritious crop cultivated by villagers. Some farmers cultivate Kiri Ala commercial purposes while most of villagers grow it for their eating purpose. This is a profitable crop due to growing the plants in marginal land with low inputs and low risks. Tubers are used as planting materials. Villagers treated them with ash. Yams of Kiri Ala are used to prepare curry recipes to eat with rice in Sri Lanka. This is rich with fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Further, stems of the leaves are taken to prepare curry with jack fruit seeds. It is very tasty and nutritious.

Thiththa thibbatu is a shrub plant which grows from one meter to one and half meters in height. It can be seen with other plants in garden in Sri Lanka. Nuts of the thiththa thibatu are smaller than those of normal thibbatu available in Sri Lanka. Flowers are blue-purple in color. Fruits are in a bunch. Several bunches are available in a plant. Old villagers liked to eat fruits by preparing as curry dishes. Thiththa thibbutu is very bitter curry. However, some villagers knew medical value of the fruits. When a villager who lived several centuries ago in Sri Lanka felt a giddiness then they used to eat Thiththa thibbatu with rice. As a result, they got relief. At present, availability of Thiththa thibbatu are rare in vegetable fairs due to unknown cooking to more women. It is no doubt that these fruits have high medical value for some diseases.

Lemon Grass (Cymbopogon) is a perennial tropical grass native to India and Sri Lanka. In Sri Lanka it is commonly called as “sera”. Stems of this plant are used in preparation of curry specially meat, young jack-fruit (polos). Most of village women in Sri Lanka believe that use of lemon grace in such a curry will help to soft them and taste. Further, they will be medical and cosmetic application due to its aromatic, citrusy scent and numerous health benefits. The plant is lean and green that grow as bunches. Leaves give a strong lemony fragrance when bruised. It is growing sunny locations and well-draining soil. It is in heights of 2-4 feet spreads 2-3 feet. Based on the usefulness of the plant in food preparation, Villagers as well as people who are living in urbans in Sri Lanka tried to grow even a plant in their home gardens. However, they are available for sale in markets in urban areas in Sri Lanka.

Iramusu is a small plant grown garden in Sri Lanka. It can be seen as a vine on the surface of ground or sometime twisting around the help plant. Roots are fragrant. There is a white stripe along the lean leave. Leaves are sprung both sides of the stem. Length of the leave varies from 3.8 to 6.6 cm. flowers are purple in color. Villagers identify this plant as medicinal plant. Sometime this plant is known as Heen Iramusu. They use this plant to make porridge or drink. More people believe that consuming this plant will cool the human body. Therefore, villagers make drink by boiling roots for a relief of burning stomach.

This is a tree that grown in tropical countries. The tree can be seen in large home gardens in hill country in Sri Lanka. Seeds of this plant are used as spice used by villagers as medicine for some ailments. Further, seeds are slightly sweet taste. It is used to flavor some baked goods. The fruits are fleshy and when it is ripening it is becoming yellow in color. Seeds are surrounded with red skin and it is called as mace. Villagers living in Kandy, Matale and Kegalle collect seeds and separate mace and seeds to dry under the sunlight. If somebody were suffering from bellyache, old villagers used to rub a nutmeg seed in a Nambiliya (small pan or chatty for cleaning rice) give them as a drink for those. Netmeg spice are available in markets in Sri Lanka and are exported to mainly India, UAE, the USA, Germany, and Pakistan.

Kahata is known as Wild Guava in English. The tree has very thick bark with dark grey in color. Leaves are generally large with green in color. A middle size tree grows up to 20 m in height. Leaves are normally large about 15 -30 X 5 – 15 cm. the picturesque flowers swell terminal spikes with 5-7 cm long petals. Fruits are green in color with large enough 8 cm. these kahata can be seen in large lands in village arears in Sri Lanka. Fruits can be used to prepare curry by adding jack fruit nuts. It is very delicious and has ayurvedic values. The young trees give flowers and then fruits once a year in April. Most of the old villagers use these kahata fruit at the preparing of Hath Maluwa, known mixed vegetable curry disk in Sinhala New Year celebration.

The clove three is known as karambu in Sinhala. The tree is grown upto 15 – 20 m in height. Its shape is cone shape. Although the trees are not grown scientifically by the villagers, some land are covered with clove trees in kagalle, Kandy and Matale. Once a year cloves trees are covered with flower buds. Before blossom villagers pick up them and dry them in the sun-light. When they are dried enough they use it as spice in food industry. Also, it has Ayurveda medicine value, old villagers use clove to make some medicine for toothache with other items. Excess harvest are to sale to earn good income. In addition, cloves are used in industries such as perfumes and toothpaste. After the picking harvest, remaining flowers will bloom and then become a purple fruit. Finally, they fall down to ground and spring up as baby plant.

Rath-mal or Rathambala is a shrub grown in some parts of Sri Lanka. Matured leaves are dark green in color. Flowers are red in color and spring up as bunch. Fruits are globose and green. The ripe fruit are dark red in color. They can be eaten as delicious fruit. There are so many varieties of Rathmal. Villagers put the flowers of Rathmal into the water that use at bathing a baby. Also, villagers believe that the flowers of Rathmal can clear new fountain water in the well.as such, they put Rathmal flowers into the well whenever they cleanup their own wells in the garden.

This plant is known as Wara in Sinhala and Crown flower or Giant Milkweed in English. This plant can be seen mostly in low country dry zone. The shrub is generally three metre in height. A leaf is generally 18 cm in long with 6 cm in wide. Plants can be seen in wet-zone and dry-zone in Sri Lanka as a weed in wild, or abandoned land lots mostly. Sometime it is grown by disturbing the urban as well as village land plots such as along road sideways, back yards as well as border of paddy fields. attention by the farmers are poor. Plants are with milky sap. However, this is an Ayurvedic plant that uses as a herb with other herbal plants in Sri Lanka to prepare medicine for several diseases.

This perennial creeping plant grows by hugging trees and rocks with roots sprung up in between segment of the stem. They are available abundantly in jungles and abandoned lands in Sri Lanka. After the flowering in branches, it gives berries in red color. Rural villagers in old days used these berries to make curries to eat with rice. It was a delicious curry. Some parts of the creepers grow on the ground. Villagers pick up them to make ropes for agricultural activities. They keep sevral days aside to make them very strength after the picking them up. Most villagers those days use these ropes at the building their wattle and daub huts